Driving mechanism.



ll Il omvms Manuals. APPLICATIQN EILED IULM. IDH..

Invenar ...7a/*Inl Drain .h T E IP m el. E .l n s.

.. ing part of Waterbury,

JOHN J'. GRAIN, 0F WATEBBUBL'CONNECTICUT,

COMPANY, F WATEBBUBY, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF ASSIGNOB T0 THE WATEBBURY TOL CONNECTICUT.

DRIVING MEOHANISM.

speculation of Letten rennt.

Katented Deo. 18, 19177.

applicati@ nea January 2a, rs1?. semi mi.. mane.

To all whom it ma/ concern:

Be it known tiat'I, JOHN J. GRAIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at i in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driving Mechanism, of which the following 1s a specification.

This invention relates to driving mechanism, one of the many objects of the invention bein the provision of means `of the kind set orth by which speed changes or variations in velocity and also when required in direction of movement, can be obtained.. Said mechanism can be incorporated with utility in apparatus of widely dilferent kinds, although it is' of especial advantage for effecting the movement of a member in alforward and backward direction,` that is eithenthe reciprocation or oscillationof. such a membeixi.-y l y In'the drawings accompanying and formthe presentepecification I have shown in detail one convenient form of embodiment of the inventionwhich will be set forth fully in the'following description. I donot limit myself to this disclosure; I may depart therefrom in several res octs within the scope of the invention de ned by the claims following said descripti0n. In this particular form of embodiment of the invention, it. is shown as embodied in a planer and for` effecting the forward and backward movements of the reciprocatory bed thereof at the desired speeds.

Referring to said drawings:

Figure 1 isa top plan view of certain of the parts ofthe driving mechanism. i

Fig. 2 isi a top diagrammatic .section of eert-ainfof the principal parts lof the driving mechanism. p

Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional views of certain cylinders illustrated Vin Fig. 5 and'adjunctive elements in different positions.

Fig. 8 is a detail view 1n front elevation plan view Ywith parts` broken away 'and in horizontalv section of aV of a portion Vof the base and bed of the planer showing also the dogs on the bedA and .part of the reversing mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a cross section onthe'line 9-9 of Fig. 8K, looking in the directionVof the arrow.

Figs. 10 and11 are views corresponding practically to Fig. 8, Fig. 10 showing only one of the dogs and both of them being omitted4 in Fig. 11.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

As I have already observed driving mechanism involvin the present 'invention can be employed witi advantage in many different connections where it is necessary to move an element back and forth, there beinaP provision 'to effect automatic reversal o such anA element and also the necessary or desired speed 'of said element on each of its strokes.` The changes in'v directionof movement of the reciprocatory element are effectedy lin a 'highly7 advantageou's'manner, and as will'be hereinafter more particularly pointed' out by hydraulic means. In the drawings I have shown parts ofa planer and driving mechanism when combine therewith is adapted to reciprocate the bed of the planer and througl1`the agenc of suitable means to` vary the velocity o the bed oncach of its`movernents, and what is most important to reverse the movement of 'the bed or equivalent partby hydraulically operated control means. The bed of a planer as will beunderstood'is merely one example of a reciprocatory orl oscillatory element with which the driving mechanism can be operatively related.

As a part of the drivingr mechanism is whatI term a transmission device, that denoted in a general way by 2 answering my requirements-in a satis actory manner. This transmission device is of such character as to effect the necessary changes in speed and also reversals indirectionV of movement of a member operatively connected therewith. While I am not'necessarily limi-ted to any particular kind of `transmission device, that illustrated andl designated `b 2 is what is known as a hydraulic variable s eed gear andof which a somewhat brief escription will be hereinafter given. y

As I have already noted one of several uses to which the mechanism can' be put is for driving the reciprocatory bed of al i planer, and in this particular use said mechanism with the aid of."I suitable means will reciprocate said bed such as that denoted in ageneraly Way by 3, theframework 4 of the' planer havin ways on, its upper side to support and gulde the bed 3.

The hydraulic variable speed gear 2'is practically a duplicate of that shown, de-

scribedv and claimed in Letters Patent No. 924,787 granted to Reynold J anney on J une 15, 1909, and to which reference may be had for anex lcitunderstanding of such a device. I eem it 4desirable togo into detail respecting .such a4 hydraulic variable speed ear .5to y an extent ysufficient lto understand its actionand the way it. operates and is in turn acted upon by the bed 3 or equivalent -forwardly and backwardly moving member'. This hydraulic variable` speed gear although shownin Fig. 2 is" illustrated onza larger scale in Fig. 1, and it comprises what is known in the hydraulic art as an A-end 5 and a B-end 6. The A-end consists of a hydraulic pump, while the B-end is in the nature of a hydraulic motor' driyenlfr'om they pump. The two ends of the hydraulic variable speed gear are separated byI what 1s called a mid-plate 7, 'the mid-plate having elongated arcuateports 8 andi) 5) for the passageofthel necessary liquid employed inconnection vvwith the actlon of the 'transf mission `device or ihydraulic v.variablespeed i gear as2. Ilxtending', into the caseofthe A or pump endis a shaft 10,". w'hilefextending into Athe c aseof'the motor or B-endisfja shaft v11, the two., being coaxialf f'fllhe s'lhaft, u, 1`f0 mightglie considered as a drivlng shaft, whilethat at 11 can be considereda driven shaft. The shaft 10 is generally continuously driven and for this purpose any suitable Ino' j tive agentlrnay be employed, the electric eino-7 tor vl2 (Fig. 2) being shown for the purpose. The electric motor is connected with the' shaft ,10 in some .convenient way 'as by` the coupling 13. Thepistons in the pump end 5 are through theagency of suitable means reciprocated through the agency ofand by operative connections with the shaft .10 or its equivalent, and these pistons in turn operate pistons in the B .or motor end 6, ythe pistons of the latter inV turn, through proper connections, rotating .the shaftfll which .in the organization illustrated` is opferativelysconnected with the reclprocatory bed oranalovgous element. As will be .under- Y stood by aireading ofthe patent already identified when thevpistonsin the pump end 5 are at restor in neutral positions, the piss.

tonsin the motor :or l,B-end will also .be at rest` and as a consequence the shaft ll'will not be rotated., lBy reciprocating the pistons inthe lA-end 5. however, the shaft 11l will be rotated and the speed of rotation fvvill be l"governedfby -the length of stroke ofsald plstons in said A or pump end. By reversing specifically known as a tilting box. This tilting box when occupying its neutral or mid position effects a corresponding posi- I tioning of the pistons in the pump end 5.-

If it be moved from'the neutral position in one direction a progressive increase in speed of the shaft 11 follows in one direction, whereas ifthe tilting `box vbe moved in the opposite direction fromthe neutrala prof gressive increase in speed of saidv shaft lin the 'opposite direction follows.y It will also be understood that by moving the tilting box from a shifted position toward and across the neutral position, thel direction of movement of the shaft 11 will be reversed, and'it will also be clear: that corresponding actions take place with regard to a member operatively connected with said shaft 11. In the present ca se'this'l member is the reciprocatory bed 3 and I will hereinafter de?l scribe suitable connections between the 'shaft 11and bed 3. Thertilting box'is' operated through av control member or shaft as' 14, shown passing from the pump end 5 to the motor end 6 does so by way of the ports 8 andi).A If it bie desiredfor instance to rotate'the shaft 11"i`n4o'ne direction, the pistons of the pump end willd'rive the liquid throughthe port 8, and this liquid"`wi ll bereturne'djto the pump ead'bythe porti), whereas ifthe shaft 11 'should be oppositely rotated the reverse action takes place.' The liquid.is"circu lated' andin circulating travels throufrh these two ports. llof this is flly set fnorth in draulic variable speed gear and carriedfo'r inst'anceby l.the mid-plate? 7 thereof, is'the storage chamber or 'receptacle 15 whichI has a communication with the liquid'circulating systemfof which vthe.'ports' 8' and' "`9 form a part of the hydraulicivar'iable speed gear 2.1

Supported-by theusides of the base tisV ai' shaft 16 having fastened thereto th.l .pinion 17 in mesh with' thelrack 18 on tliegunder side` of the bed 3),(.see'l Figs.\ 2, 3 and 4).'

This pinion 17 meshes in turn witha smaller 'pinion 18hfastened 't0-ale sima 19 aan aap;

ported by the sides of the base 4, the shaft bein extended beyond the base 4 andhaving astened to it the bevel gear 20 in mesh with the bevel-gear 2l 'rigidwith the shaft 22 connected as by the coupling 23 with the shaft 11'. It will be apparent that the bed 3 canbc advanced for'in'stance. at one speed and retracted at anothexgand I show means hereinafter describedv by which a certain velocity of the'becL on each of its movements can be accurately governed and in fact varied by reas5-1iofA which I can move the bed forwardisietily and return it quickly or can obta in" o`tiierdesired speed conditions. This is not broadly new''witli me, but is illustrated' in thel application of Beynold J anney for patent or driving 'mechanism filed February 21,1913, Serial No.. 749,789. One of the principal differences in the present machine, however, over that covered in said application is the fact that the direction of movement of the reciprocatory part is effected by hydraulically operative means, the necessary liquid to act u pon which is preferably obtained from tie hydraulic variable speed gear, by virtue of which simplicity in construction and compactness of parts are insured.

The means for reversingthe stroke of the reciprocatory bed, table o` r carriage 3 may bc of any desirable kind, althiigh the means shown for this purpose ineludsfthe dogs 25 and 26. These dQgS arecarried by the bed or table 3 for adjustment f'longitudinally thereof as commonin planers4 and other types of metal working machines. It will be understood that the reversal 1n movementof the bed 3 is effected automatically when the same concludes its respective strokes, and the reversal in movement is primarily effected in the .organization shown by the dogs 25211111 2 6 acting through[intermediate parts upon the control shaft 14. I will hereinafter describe' means whereby this par-,y ticular action ,can be effected.V In ,conjunction with the'fstops, however, prefer to provide means of which a. suitablefor-rn 'will be hereinafter described by .which t.he control shaft is-alter'naiely given anaccelerated movement'ronrone :pnedeteriniiied shifted position.A T-,he`se predeterrriined shifted'pd sitions as willli'ereinafter `appearica beadi listed Se that in this .Wa-Wilt? Ff-Feed The has@ 0r. frames .1 5. Shawn. ;Sappertms on one sfide thereof (Figs. ftollinclusive) the bracket 27 to which is pivotally connected the spring-actuated toggle member 28,'the spring 29' of which is underconstant corn-l pression. Coperatiye with tliis'toggle inember 28 is a second tog twv beine pivotal and t. eteaglgmelilbei 30 being pivetally` supported bit-.8l

predetermined shifted.

le, member 30, the

rest, the toggle centers being in line and the pin 3 3 beingmidway between the ends of the arcuate slot- 32. Tliearc of this slot is struck from the center of oscillation of the parts 30 andei. The toggle member B Ofas shown is `provided with a handle I35 which the machine ca n-beithrown into action manually. with a counterbalance as the weight 36 which tends to hold the parts neutral.

Extending from the upper branch of the toggle member 30 is the rod 37 pivoted or otherwise suitablyy connected therewith and also to one end of the floating lever 3S, the other end of said lever having an operative connection of suitable kind with the rack or equivalent element 39. As shown the end of the lever 39 opposite that' to which the rod 37isconnected is forked as at 40 to receive a pin 'or' stud 41 on the rack. The teeth of this rack are in mesh with the' pinionllconnected as by pinningorfotherwise with the control'sliaft 14. In Figs. 1 and 8 the. parts are assumed to be occupying 'their neutral positions ,`the 4Shaft 1Q, however, being rotated by the motor. To start the nia.- chine the handle 35 will be grasped and swung either upor down. In Fig. 10 it is assumed to have been swung down. Owing to this fact the rod 37 will be moved endwise to swing the lever 38 and in a manner hereinafter described rotate the control shaft 14 to efect theV actionof the shaft 1l and thereby through vthe described parts,

the movement of thel reciprocatorybed 3 the ldirection of initialiiiovement of the bed depending u pon the direction of movement of the handle l 35 either ug or down or in any other desired directions. After the machne has commenced its action, it will be automatlcally reversed by hydraulically op" erated means of which a constructionsuitable for this purposewill be 'hereinafter dc'-I 12o Surmounting the case ofthe. hydraulic va scribed.

rable speed gear 2 as'lshfown in Figs. 1 and It may also be provided 2 is a casing 4:3 containinga valvesuch as that denoted in a shown this valve( cate. heads orvalve portions 45 vand 'conneeted b v the Stem. 47 extending outward through a stiiliingbox in thevalve casing 43 and'slidable through a guide meinberflS also enI the case 'of the ,hydrauliclvariible speed projectingportion of the stern 47 1s furnished wlth stops 49 and 50 which as shown may be adjustable and consist of nuts to alternately engage the guide member 48 and to therefore arrest the motion of the valve 45 at the limits of its respective movements. The ystem 47 in additionis provided with a bearing 51 to which the lever 3 8 hereinbefore described, is fulcrumed between its ends. The case of the hydraulic variable speed ear 2 further supports a suitable accumuator such as that denoted by 52. From the tank of the accumulator the pipe 53 extends and opens into the valve casing 43 practically midwa 4of the ends thereof as shown best in sai Fig. 5. From the midplate 7 the pipes 54 and 55 extend, said pipes communicating respectively with the ports 8 and 9 in said'mid-plate. They are connected together 'and are in communication by the branch 56 with the tank of the accumulator 52. Each of the pipes 54 and '55 is provided with a check valve as 57 to prevent back flow of the liquid although permitting free forwardflow thereof which is alternately ina direction toward the tank of the accumulator 52.

The case of the hydraulic variable speed gear also supports the cylinder 58 in which is mounted for reciprocation the piston or plunger 59, the stem A'60 of which extends outward througha 'stuliing'box on one end of said cylinder and is 'rigidly connected with the rack bar 3 9. When the valve is in the neutral position4 thereof as shown in Fig. 5, the heads or valve members 45 and 46 thereof cover the annular grooves 61 in the inner surface of 'the casing 43 and between the end's thereof.' Extending from said anhular grooves 61 are ducts or pipes 62 and 63 respectively leading into the ends of the cylinder 58 or disposed at opposite sidcs of'the'limits of'movement ofthe piston 59' therein.. From the storage tank 15 to which I have already referred the pipe 6'4v extends and it has branches 65" and 'respe'ctively openinginto the casing v43 near the ends thereof or `at opposite. sides o f the limit of.

movement of the duplex valve 44. p

It' willfbe assumed that the'rocke'r 30, valve 44,v piston,`59 and' control shaft 14. are in their neutral positions as shown best in Figs. 5l and 8, and rthat the shaft 10 is being rotated by the meter' 12. At' this tme the shaft 11 is'at restas is also the reciprocatory bed'3. To startV the bed the handle 35 isp'ulled either down or up and on such motion the rod/'37fi's eithermoved to the right or lto the\left in Fig.' 5 so as'to' imparta swinging'motion to the levei` 38 aboutjtlie pin 41 as a fulcr'u'm or center. It will be assumedjas shown iin Fig. 7 v that the rod 3 7 is moved to the ri'ght and'that a corresponding movement follows with respect to the lever gear 2 as shown best in Fig. 1. The- 38. On such motion of the lever the stem 47 is moved in a similar direction and a corresponding motion 'follows with respect to the two heads 45 and 46, thus moving the valve 44 of which saidheads form a part to one of the two extreme positions, one o which as will beunderstood is shown in said Fig. 7 'and the other of' which is of course exactly opposite 4to that Shown in said view. On such motiony of the dpplegi 'valve 44 liquid 'from the 'accumulator 5J ti'h'der pressure can pass by way of the pipe'l finto the casing 43 and into the space between the two va ve heads 45 and 46. Whenft'he said valve 44 is shifted to the' position shown in said Fig. 7` liquid under pressure passing from the pipe 53 and entering the pipe 63 now in communication with the pipe 53 or other source of liquid pressure supply, will enter the c` linder 58 or its equivalent and acting again-s" thepiston 59 move said piston to the left from its neutral position. It is shown in the neutral position in Fig. 5 and in one of its two shifted ,positions (the left) in Fig. 7. On this particular motion of the said piston it acts through its stem 61 to impart a corresponding longitudinal movement to lthe 'rack bar 39 and the 'latter acting against'the pinion 42 will rotate said pinionv and "fas-a consequence correspondingly turn the' control shaft 14 "so asl to effec't'in' the manner already'described the ro-A tation of the shaft 11 and through the connections between said shaft 11 and reciprocatory 'table or' traveling bed 3, the vInovement of saidpart 3'. l By limiting the movement of the control shaft 14 or its equivalent in opposite directions from the neutral position I can as will be clear'goyern the speed of movement of the, traveling table or'reciprocatory bed 3 on opposite movements thereof, and' this particular result I obtain in the present case by adj'psting or 'obtaining' predetermined oppnsite movements 'f the rnc'k b ar 39 'or its equivalent, f and 'I willv 'now set forth 'suitable means *byI which this. particular result canbe accomplished. 0n th'e'c'ase rack'39l As I have already stated the con" trol Shaft 1 `4' and other parts are in the neutral positions 'i' Fig. '5, the `adjustable stops 73 and 74lbe'ir'ig shown in tlieir'maximum outward'. adjastments. Eitlrei or both of them4 may .be movedginwardly In said maximur`-'aidustments the bedy 3 through the intermediate' parte i'eg'vea its highest speed on both strokes. It will be assumed of the bed wil be at the `greatest: velocity.

By adjustiif`- either or both sto s 73 or Min-ward, `t eA velocities of the ed 3 on opposite movements ythereof can be regulated. The' 4bedcan as a conse uence be moved slowlyon'the .advance stro Vte during which thetool (not shown) is cutting the stock on the bed. The return or backward stroke canI 'be a rapid one; Either'these or other 4desirable speed conditions can be easily accomplished' through the proper adjustment of the two stops 73 and 74. n

I have described the fact that the machine is thrown into action in the organization shown through the operation o'f the fhandle which can be swunr either downwardly or upwardly After t 1e machine has commenced its action it stays in action until said handle is brought toltheneutral by hand or otherwise. During the normal operation of the machine the dogs 25 and 26 alteratelyfstrikethe rockerj34 so as to eii'ect through the intermediate parts movements alternately' in opposite directions of the rod 37. Inconsequeiiceof this condition .the valve 44 is alternately moved to its extreme positions, being shown in one of said positions in Fig. 7 having been operative after being 'moved to such lposition to eil'ect the movementof the piston 59 tothe leftjto effect a predetermined movement of the b ed 3. VIt will be assumdthat the duplex valve 44is moved to 'its extreme left position, and in this event liquid will be causedtov pass from'theca singf by wayof the pipe 62 to, the cylinder- 5,8y and thereby inov'e the piston 59" to the opposite extreme 'position to effect movement of the rack bar 39 to the right and therefore in the manner set forth the action of vthecoritrol shaft to automatically reverse the machine and on its said reverse movement which may be either forwar d or backward thew desired speed of the tab e.

As I have already noted the machine is thrown into action initially by hand, and I have described one of several ways in which this particular result can be obtained. Obviously I am in no sense restricted thereto, nor to other points, in that thc invention resides in certain broad relations and in any detailed construction. After the machine is thrown into action by hand it becomes wholly automatic, the necessary llquid to the casing 43h01; bein supplied by the accumulator 52 but from t e variable speed jg'e'ar itself.

- This liquidcireulates, andit pas'ses in alternatloninto the pipes 5ft and and f om one o t @them to the branch-56; passinglmto the theyac'cu'mulator' 52 where `it' `functions in the manner alreadyvset forthtoeect alternatel opposite movements of the'piston 59 ,through the shifting ofthe `'duplex vvalve 44." {In this manner the control shaft 14 4through the described parts is oscillated't effectreversals in the direction of movement of the bed 3.

The bed, as will be'understood,A is reversed thus automatically,v when it has concluded eachof its'strokes. l

As will be inferred I do not 'restrict,myself to the use of any particular device for 'effecting the reciprocation of thetable,=although the hydraulic variable speed ear described somewhat fully in' this artcu ar connection is a preferable device or obtaining the'desired opposite movements'- of a work table or bed or equivalent part. "In'some cases I can employ merely what I have considered the A- end and can connect this A-end to the reciprocatory bed or itmight be to any other suitable part.

In conclusionI wishy to call attention to the fact of the advanta e of the accumulator 52. In this accumu ator isapiston' 52 backed by the spring 52". Itis lconceivable thatthe apparatus might workiwithoutthis hydraulic accumulatonfo'r its'equivalent. Its

use is, however, highlyadvantageous. It or its equivalent serves to store "oil or other substance under pressure, `the consequence being that the reversing mechanism when at vornear neutral will be positively reversed as under ordinary and usual circumstances it c annot supply any 011 or equivalentformotive purposes. If 1t Iwere not for this accumulator or an analogous-1 device, the mech'af nism would not reverse itself certainly under ordinary circumstances.

When in the latter event the control shaft is brought' to the zero or neutral "positionv the mechanism would ordinarily'stop. "The useof this accumulator, therefore, is highly" advantageous, although as I'have alreadyobserved, 1t might in some cases be dispensed with or an equivalent put in its stead. Ordinarily it or something of a similar nature is an essential element of the organization. An accumulator which meets my conditions is that denoted by 52. This accumulator incloses the piston 52 4backed up by the spring 52 which exerts a constant pressure against the piston and tends to advance it to elect the supply of oil or equivalent to the reversing mechanism at the proper point.

What I claim is:

1. The combination of a movable member, a transmitting device operatively connected with the movable member, for actuating the ber,"la transmitting device operatively connected with the e,mova ,b1e` member, for reci procatin the same, hydraulicaly operated means or governin f the action .o said translmittin deviceand tor also effecting reversal thereo and nieans to be set at willrnfor governing theamounts of `opposite movements ofsaid movable member.

4. The combination of a hydraulic transmitting device,..auto1natically operable fluid actuated means receiving fiuid from the transmittin device, for effecting reversals thereof, an manually adjustable means for governing opposite movements of said transmittin device.

5. T e combination of a hydraulic transmitting device-` automatically operable iuid actuated means receiving fluid `from the transmitting device, for effecting. reversals thereof, and means to be set at .Will'ifor adjusting opposite movements of said hydraulic transmitting device. p Y. .v

6. The combination of amovable member, a transmitting device operatively connected with the movable member for actuating the same, and automatic fluid operated means for effecting reversals in movementv of said transmittingV device. i

7, The combination of a movable member, a transmitting device operatively connected vvith .sa id member, and hydraulically oper- Aatedllleaxls,set in action by saidtransmitting device for automatically reversing said transmitting device.`

8. The .combination of i a hydraulic. transmitting device, and automatically actuated Huid operable means for effecting reversals in, direction of movement of said transmitting device. v

9. Thecombina'tion of a hydraulic variable speed gear, and means actuated by the liquid received from said gear, for automatically reversing tlie; same. v 10. The combmation of a hydraulic varivable speed gear having a regulator, and

hydraulic means operated by said speed gear for automatically operating the regulator to chan e the direction of movement of the spec'v casing, a double 'piston in said casing, said transmittin device being in communication with and a apted to supply liquid between the p istons in said ycas1ng,a second casing having a piston operativelyconnected with the regulator, means actuated by the' reciprocatory member for effecting the action of the double piston, and means to alternately7 supply liquid to voppositesides ofv the pistou in the second casing on opposite motions or' the reciprocatory member.'

13.The` combination of a reciprocatory member, a hydraulic power transmittin device, operatively connected with the reciproca tory member, and having a regulator, a

casing, a double piston in said casing, said transmittin device being in communication With and adapted to supply liquid between the pistons in said casing, means for conveying liquid fromthe casing, to the transmitting device, a second vcasing'havin'g a piston operatively connected with the regulator, means actuated by the reciprocatory member for effecting the action of the double piston, and means to alternately supply iquid .to opposite 'sides of the pistonv in the second casing on lopposite"frictions of the reciprocatory member. t

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN J L GRAIN; Witnesses:

CHAS. PL HAIGHT, C. E.HUM1 .HREY. 

